Aging and Decision Making - Empirical and Applied Perspectives
von: Thomas M. Hess, JoNell Strough, Corinna Löckenhoff
Elsevier Reference Monographs, 2015
ISBN: 9780124171558
Sprache: Englisch
429 Seiten, Download: 4083 KB
Format: EPUB, PDF, auch als Online-Lesen
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| AGING ANDDECISIONMAKING | 4 | ||
| Copyright | 5 | ||
| Contents | 6 | ||
| Contributors | 12 | ||
| FOREWORD* | 16 | ||
| OPEN QUESTIONS | 17 | ||
| A RESEARCH AGENDA FOR THE FUTURE | 19 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 21 | ||
| References | 22 | ||
| Preface | 26 | ||
| Chapter 1 - The Present, Past, and Future of Research on Aging and Decision Making | 30 | ||
| BASIC ISSUES IN THE STUDY OF AGING AND DECISIONS | 31 | ||
| BOOK OVERVIEW | 37 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 41 | ||
| References | 42 | ||
| Chapter 2- Modeling Cost–Benefit Decision Making in Aged Rodents | 46 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 46 | ||
| INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AND COGNITIVE AGING | 47 | ||
| CROSS-SPECIES COMPARISONS OF NEURAL CIRCUITRY RELEVANT FOR DECISION MAKING | 48 | ||
| CROSS-SPECIES CONSIDERATIONS OF REINFORCERS | 49 | ||
| INTERTEMPORAL DECISION MAKING | 50 | ||
| PROBABILISTIC (RISKY) DECISION MAKING | 57 | ||
| THE ROLE OF AGE-RELATED MEMORY IMPAIRMENT IN DECISION MAKING | 60 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 62 | ||
| References | 63 | ||
| Chapter3 - Decision Neuroscience and Aging | 70 | ||
| OVERVIEW OF FRONTOSTRIATAL NEURAL CIRCUITRY | 70 | ||
| GAINS AND LOSSES | 73 | ||
| INTERTEMPORAL DECISION MAKING | 74 | ||
| RISKY DECISION MAKING | 76 | ||
| LEARNING | 79 | ||
| CONCLUSIONS | 82 | ||
| References | 84 | ||
| Chapter4 - Towards a Mechanistic Understanding of Age-Related Changes in Learning and Decision Making: A Neuro-Computational Approach | 90 | ||
| AGE-RELATED DECLINE IN THE DOPAMINE SYSTEM | 91 | ||
| AGE DIFFERENCES IN LEARNING FROM EXPERIENCE | 94 | ||
| CONCLUSIONS | 100 | ||
| References | 103 | ||
| Chapter5 - Age-Associated Executive Dysfunction, the Prefrontal Cortex, and Complex Decision Making | 108 | ||
| GUIDING OBSERVATIONS, THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS, AND KEY EMPIRICAL TESTS | 110 | ||
| RESEARCH ON AGING | 114 | ||
| CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS | 125 | ||
| References | 127 | ||
| Chapter6 - Adaptive Decision Making and Aging | 134 | ||
| AN ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ON LIFE-SPAN CHANGES IN STRATEGY USE | 134 | ||
| COGNITIVE AGING: THE ROLE OF COGNITIVE CONTROL AND REWARD PROCESSING | 137 | ||
| AGING AND STRATEGY USE | 138 | ||
| AGING AND STRATEGY USE IN DECISION MAKING | 143 | ||
| IMPLICATIONS OF AGE DIFFERENCES IN STRATEGY SELECTION AND EXECUTION | 149 | ||
| SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION | 150 | ||
| References | 151 | ||
| Chapter7 - Aging, Memory, and Decision Making | 156 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 156 | ||
| AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN MEMORY FUNCTIONING AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON JUDGMENT AND DECISION MAKING | 157 | ||
| AGING, MEMORY, AND DECISION MAKING: WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE? | 170 | ||
| References | 171 | ||
| Chapter8 - Complementary Contributions of Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence to Decision Making Across the Life Span | 178 | ||
| BETTER OR WORSE OFF? | 178 | ||
| COGNITIVE CAPABILITIES AND DECISION MAKING ACROSS THE ADULT LIFE SPAN | 179 | ||
| COMPLEMENTARY COGNITIVE CAPABILITIES | 182 | ||
| PRACTICAL DECISION MAKING AND THE ROLE OF DOMAIN-SPECIFIC EXPERIENCE | 186 | ||
| IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC POLICY AND EFFECTIVE DECISION ENVIRONMENTS | 190 | ||
| SUMMARY | 193 | ||
| References | 193 | ||
| Chapter9 - Aging, Emotion, and Decision Making | 198 | ||
| AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN COGNITION, EMOTION, AND MOTIVATION | 199 | ||
| THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE ROLE OF AFFECT IN JUDGMENT AND DECISION MAKING | 201 | ||
| DECISION MAKING ACROSS THE ADULT LIFE SPAN | 207 | ||
| CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS | 211 | ||
| References | 213 | ||
| Chapter10 - A Prospect Theory-Based Evaluation of Dual-Process Influences on Aging and Decision Making: Support for a Contextual Perspective | 218 | ||
| DUAL-PROCESS PERSPECTIVES ON DECISION MAKING | 219 | ||
| DUAL-PROCESS INFLUENCES AND PROSPECT THEORY | 221 | ||
| CONCLUSIONS | 235 | ||
| References | 238 | ||
| Chapter11 - Age Differences in Time Perception and Their Implications for Decision Making Across the Life Span | 242 | ||
| AGE DIFFERENCES IN GLOBAL TIME HORIZONS AND MENTAL REPRESENTATIONS OF TIME | 243 | ||
| MECHANISMS | 246 | ||
| IMPLICATIONS FOR DECISION MAKING | 249 | ||
| FUTURE DIRECTIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS | 254 | ||
| References | 256 | ||
| Chapter12 - Understanding Life-Span Developmental Changes in Decision-Making Competence | 264 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 264 | ||
| DEFINING DECISION-MAKING COMPETENCE | 265 | ||
| DELIBERATION, AFFECT, AND DECISION-MAKING COMPETENCE | 267 | ||
| AGING AND DECISION-MAKING COMPETENCE | 268 | ||
| MOTIVATIONAL MODEL OF AGING AND DECISION-MAKING COMPETENCE | 271 | ||
| CURRENT CHALLENGES AND DIRECTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH | 275 | ||
| SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS | 280 | ||
| References | 281 | ||
| Chapter13 - Decision Making and Health Literacy among Older Adults | 290 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 290 | ||
| OLDER ADULTS AND HEALTH DECISIONS | 291 | ||
| AGING, HEALTH LITERACY, AND HEALTH-RELATED DECISIONS | 297 | ||
| CONCLUSIONS | 305 | ||
| References | 307 | ||
| Chapter14 - Decisions and Actions for Life Patterns and Health Practices as We Age: A Bottom-up Approach | 312 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 312 | ||
| THEMES FOR MODELING HEALTH PREFERENCES AND DECISIONS | 313 | ||
| MODELING THE PROCESSES UNDERLYING HEALTH DECISIONS AND ACTIONS | 314 | ||
| EXECUTIVE FUNCTION IN A COMMON-SENSE FRAMEWORK: SELECTIVE EVIDENCE | 324 | ||
| SUMMARY AND THOUGHTS FOR THE FUTURE | 332 | ||
| References | 335 | ||
| Chapter15 - Choice and Aging: Less is More | 338 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 338 | ||
| CHOICE PREFERENCE AND SIZE IN DECISION MAKING | 339 | ||
| DUAL-PROCESS MODELS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR DECISION MAKING IN OLDER ADULTS | 341 | ||
| AN EMPIRICAL STUDY TESTING THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF COGNITIVE ABILITY ON CHOICE PREFERENCE | 343 | ||
| NUMERACY AND CHOICE SET SIZE IN DECISION MAKING | 346 | ||
| ADDITIONAL FACTORS IN RELATION TO CHOICE SET SIZE AND PREFERENCE | 348 | ||
| SUMMARY | 350 | ||
| References | 353 | ||
| Chapter16 - Financial Decision Making across the Adult Life Span: Dynamic Cognitive Capacities and Real-World Competence | 358 | ||
| FLUID ABILITIES, CRYSTALLIZED ABILITIES, AND FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE | 359 | ||
| THE NATURE OF FINANCIAL DECISION-MAKING TASKS | 361 | ||
| REASONS WHY INDIVIDUALS MAKE POOR FINANCIAL DECISIONS | 365 | ||
| INTERVENTIONS DESIGNED TO IMPROVE FINANCIAL DECISION MAKING | 371 | ||
| SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION | 373 | ||
| References | 374 | ||
| Chapter17 - Aging and Consumer Decision Making | 380 | ||
| AGE DIFFERENCES IN BASIC DECISION SKILLS AND STRATEGIES | 380 | ||
| AGE DIFFERENCES IN CONSUMER CHOICE AND DECISION MAKING | 383 | ||
| MODERATING INFLUENCES ON AGING AND DECISION MAKING | 386 | ||
| CONCLUSIONS | 394 | ||
| References | 395 | ||
| Chapter18 - A Framework for Decision Making in Couples across Adulthood | 400 | ||
| A FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING DYADIC DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES | 401 | ||
| EXISTING LITERATURE ON DYADIC DECISION MAKING | 408 | ||
| FUTURE DIRECTIONS | 414 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 416 | ||
| References | 417 | ||
| Index | 422 |